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Nutrient density: how much a recipe brings per calorie

AI-generated image: Baked sweet potato split open with spinach, a halved soft-boiled egg and pumpkin seeds, a fork beside it

Our nutrient density score shows how many vitamins, minerals, protein and fibre a recipe provides per calorie – and how many valuable food groups it has.

What nutrient density means

Nutrient density describes how many vitamins, minerals, protein and fibre a food provides for its calories. Our score – shown on each recipe as “Nutrient density” – rates a recipe from 0 to 10 in two parts: nutrients per calorie and the food groups it’s made of.

Counting per calorie means a bigger portion doesn’t score higher – what counts is what a dish brings for its energy. For recipes at the top of the scale, see nutrient-dense recipes.

Two parts, weighted

Share of each part in the score (0 to 10)
PartWeight
Parts
Nutrients per calorie – 16 nutrients against 2,000 kcal, the ten strongest count60%
Food groups – how many groups – or how much of the serving is veg, fruit, pulses, wholegrains, potatoes, fish, nuts40%
Points taken off
Saturated fat – over 10% of energy−1
Salt – over 1.5 mg sodium per kcal−1
Added sugar – over 20% of energy−1

Adds up to 0 to 10. Counts 25% towards the Health Score.

How to read it

Nutrient-dense recipes: From 7.

Two real recipes

How we score it

A nutrient “fits” when a serving provides the same percentage of its daily requirement as it provides of 2,000 kcal. We count the ten strongest of 16 nutrients (each up to 150%) – a lentil dish doesn’t need vitamin B12 to do well.

An average of 70% gives 0, an average of 150% gives 10. Reference values: German Nutrition Society (DGE) and EU.

For the food groups, the higher of two values counts: how many valuable groups there are (variety), or how much of the serving – by weight – is veg, fresh fruit, pulses, wholegrains, potatoes, fish and, in unsweetened recipes, nuts. From 80% the full points apply. Juice, syrup and dried fruit don’t count.

If more than 11 of the 16 nutrition values are missing, we don’t show a score.

Vitamin figures are estimates – the food groups make the score more robust.

The score follows fixed rules, the same for every recipe. It doesn’t replace medical or dietary advice.

Frequently asked questions

Why per calorie and not per serving?

Otherwise a double portion would be “more nutritious”. Per calorie, what counts is what a dish brings for its energy.

What are nutrient-dense foods?

Foods that provide lots of vitamins, minerals, protein or fibre for few calories – such as vegetables, pulses, fish, eggs, wholegrains and fruit. Juice, syrup and sweets provide energy with few nutrients.

Sources

  1. Drewnowski, A. (2005). Concept of a nutritious food: toward a nutrient density score. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 82(4), 721–732. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16210699/
  2. Drewnowski, A. (2009). Defining nutrient density: development and validation of the Nutrient Rich Foods Index. Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 28(4), 421S–426S. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20368382/
  3. German Nutrition Society (DGE): reference values for nutrient intake (in German). https://www.dge.de/wissenschaft/referenzwerte/